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Kearney Lake, Halifax

Soil & Water Conservation Society of Metro Halifax (SWCSMH)

March 12, 2008   Papermill Lake watershed

Acknowledgements

Contents:



Water Quality

Chemical vs Biological monitoring


Select scientific modelling and chemical/biological limnology are part of our miscellaneous archives!


The bathymetric map; the morphological data; the Papermill Lake watershed flow chart; the watershed plan; the Nova Scotia lake hypolimnion project; the paleolimnology of lakes in the HRM; HRM's receiving water baseline sampling program for fecal coliforms; Examples of recent closures of the supervised beach: 2002

Our submission to the Regional Council dated June 12, 2006 delves into some detail click for info on PDF documents

The Predictive TP/Cha base model developed by Shalom Mandaville along with control field data elucidates total correspondence even with latter data! For a brief overview on our predictive TP/Cha modelling, see TP/Cha Models!

As the year-2004 CCME Policy on Phosphorus (TP) clearly narrates that not adhering to the reference/background (i.e., the natural pre-development value) + 50% maximum increase concept, even if they fall within the reference/background trigger ranges, could result in significant changes to the `COMMUNITY STRUCTURE' (cf. eutro1, and eutro2)!

Our original recommendation of eight (8) µg/l (micrograms/litre) mean yearly TP for Kearney Lake was not based on the CCME's year-2004 policy since the recommedations were developed during the mid-1990s. While the CCME's policy was based on a 1991 paper published by NALMS (Hutchinson et al., 1991), nevertheless, it was not the official policy of CCME until year-2004!



Percent change in urban land use and indicators of stress:

The following excerpt gives a basic overview from a grad theses of a former DFO biologist (cf. Mandell, 1994):

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our cleanup during Environment Week-1991

Future and monitoring:

[Img-i-arrow-blue.gif]  It is hoped that further investigations will be carried out by us along with chironomid mentum deformity studies of this valuable urban lake.

The limnetic parameters may not reflect changes in the watershed unless those changes are significant in relationship to the overall size of the watershed and/or in its prevailing inputs!

To reliably ascertain incremental inputs from new developments, outflows of every storm pipe outlet, of in-situ devices (e.g., CDS, Stormceptor or Vortechnics), of constructed wetlands outlets, and others have to be monitored almost on an hourly basis during runoff, and pollutographs have to be developed.



Total stormwater treatment recommended:

Total stormwater treatment should also include removal of other urban pollutants as well, not just phosphorus! The CDS technology, the Stormceptor, and the Vortechnics are superb devices for pre-treatment, but they have to be followed by sophisticated polishing systems, for example a scientifically designed wetland with the attendant maintenance in perpetuity! This combination may or may not work (see the note of caution)!

A note of caution: There have been conflicting results in the long term removal of typical stressors in storm drainage using constructed (or engineered) wetlands. Further, such wetlands have not had a successful history in the amelioration of acid drainage in HRM. Hence, the only sustainable methodology would be treatment of urban and suburban stormwater by traditional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) based on the tertiary removal process in the case of stressed lakes! This implies considerable capital costs and operation & maintenance!

The other option is to disallow any further development similar to what residents in Lower Sackville triumphed at Second Lake after years of intense lobbying! Even there, significant amount of chemical and biological limnology was conducted by us!



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